Bibliography and Links

This collects the external sources from the chapters' "Sources" sections. Links to other chapters of the book are not included in this list.

Catalog registries

• dataportals-registry, release 1.27.0
• Trust score in the registry
• re3data
• FAIRsharing
• dataportals.org, Open Data Inception, CKAN ecosystem catalog
• Vocabulary and ontology registries: BARTOC, Linked Open Vocabularies, Ontology Lookup Service, FAIR Data Point index
• European register for protected public sector data on data.europa.eu
• Registry of Open Data on AWS and the AWS Open Data Sponsorship Program
• Source Cooperative

Standards

• DCAT 3 (W3C), Recommendation of 22 August 2024
• DCAT-AP 3.0.1, SEMIC recommendation of 27 October 2025; 3.0.2 draft
• DCAT-US 3.0
• GeoDCAT-AP 3.1.0
• schema.org/Dataset
• SKOS, XKOS, OWL 2
• ISO/IEC 11179-3:2023, metadata registries
• HealthDCAT-AP, 2026 draft specification
• FAIR Data Point specification
• DataCite and the DataCite Metadata Schema 4.7
• Persistent identifiers: DOI states in DataCite, tombstone pages, DataCite fees, Crossref sanctions policy, Handle.Net Registry, ARK Alliance, w3id.org, PURL, CSTR
• DDI
• SDMX
• STAC
• OAI-PMH 2.0, robots.txt, RFC 9309
• Frictionless Data Package and Table Schema, CSV on the Web, the schema.data.gouv.fr schema catalog
• CITATION.cff
• Citation: DataCite content negotiation, CSL styles repository, exposing metadata to Zotero, GOST R 7.0.108-2022 (in Russian): references to electronic documents on networks
• Croissant 1.1
• RO-Crate 1.3, CDIF
• Hugging Face datasets

Platforms

• CKAN 2.12 documentation and the CKAN ecosystem catalog: extensions and portals
• InvenioRDM customisation, Dataverse external tools, GeoNetwork schema plugins, GeoServer community modules
• ckanext-dcat
• ckanext-doi, ckanext-citeproc
• Custom description fields: ckanext-scheming, Dataverse metadata blocks, InvenioRDM custom fields, GeoNetwork schema plugins, Huwise templates, World Bank Metadata Editor
• Dataverse features and data citation
• InvenioRDM licence, MIT
• GeoNetwork licence, GPL-2.0
• DKAN licence, GPL-2.0
• PxWeb and PxWebApi 2, .Stat Suite, SDMX-RI, Fusion Metadata Registry, DHIS2
• SDMX, JSON-stat, StatDCAT-AP
• ERDDAP, wis2box, Fairdata
• Harvesting in GeoNetwork, pycsw
• JKAN, Open SDG, PortalJS, Datasette
• Zenodo and archiving GitHub releases
• Metadata catalogs: FAIR Data Point, Skosmos, OntoPortal, OLS, MOLGENIS

Practices and methodologies

• Michael Nygard, Documenting Architecture Decisions, 15 November 2011: a short decision record with context, the decision itself and consequences; a superseded record is kept
• Data on the Web Best Practices (W3C), 31 January 2017: update frequency, explaining unavailable data, collecting and publishing feedback
• GSA, DCAT-US v3.0 Implementation Guide, revision 1.1 of 9 September 2026: inventory, a mandatory contact, withdrawing a dataset with an explanation
• data.gouv.fr guide: publishing a dataset (in French): with regular updates the record is sent via the API
• FAIR Principles
• International Open Data Charter, 2015
• 5-star open data
• T. E. Hardwicke et al., Analytic reproducibility in articles receiving open data badges at the journal Psychological Science, Royal Society Open Science, 2021: of 25 articles with an open data badge, the checked figures matched in 9 without help from the authors
• Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles, FORCE11, 2014
• Research Data Alliance, Precise, Actionable Reference to Dynamic Data, 2025: how to cite dynamic data and parts of it
• Make Data Count, Data Citation Corpus: a corpus of data citations; GBIF citation guidelines: download DOIs and derived datasets
• Creative Commons
• Open Definition 2.1: what counts as an open licence; commercial use allowed, no ban on commercial use or on changes
• SPDX licence list
• CoreTrustSeal
• Open Data Maturity, 2025 report: a survey of 36 countries; EU-27 average 86%, all participants 81%; methodology: four dimensions at 25% each
• MQA: an assessment of the records data.europa.eu has harvested from portals; catalog scale 0 to 7.5; methodology, page of 6 October 2026
• OECD, Digital Government Index and OURdata Index: 2025 Results and Key Findings, 16 February 2026: OECD average 0.53 against 0.48 in the 2023 edition
• Global Data Barometer, second edition, 29 May 2025: 43 countries in Africa and Latin America
• Open Data Inventory (ODIN), 2024/25 edition: 197 countries
• Open Data Barometer: last full edition in May 2017; Global Open Data Index: archived, last edition 2016/17

How people search for data

• N. W. Paton, J. Chen, Z. Wu. Dataset Discovery and Exploration: A Survey. ACM Computing Surveys, 2023: a review of methods for discovering and exploring datasets
• K. Gregory, P. Groth, A. Scharnhorst, S. Wyatt. Lost or Found? Discovering Data Needed for Research. Harvard Data Science Review, 2020: how researchers look for other people's data, based on an international survey
• K. Sostek, D. M. Russell, N. Goyal, T. Alrashed, S. Dugall, N. Noy. Discovering Datasets on the Web Scale: Challenges and Recommendations for Google Dataset Search. Harvard Data Science Review, 2024: the experience of Google Dataset Search
• Web Data Commons: schema.org markup from Common Crawl: how much Dataset markup, and of what kind, appears on the web
• Handbook on Using Administrative Data for Research and Evidence-based Policy: how to find and obtain administrative data for research
• I. Begtin's blog begtin.substack.com (in Russian): analyses of portals, data search and publishing practices cited in the book's chapters
• I. Begtin's Telegram channel @begtin (in Russian): short notes on portals, their closure and archiving since 2016; individual posts are cited in the chapters' "Sources" sections

Preservation and closure of data

• Pew Research Center, When Online Content Disappears, 2024: the share of vanished pages and broken links on websites
• T. Berners-Lee, Cool URIs don't change, 1998; W3C URI persistence policy
• M. Laakso, L. Matthias, N. Jahn, Open is not forever: a study of vanished open access journals, 2020
• Sunlight Foundation, Classifying changes to public access to information on US government websites, 2017: eight ways government information disappears
• Esli Byt Tochnym ("To Be Precise"), In 2025, 140 datasets disappeared in Russia and 425 indicators stopped being updated (in Russian), 2025
• Congressional Research Service, Data.gov: Implementation and Perspectives on Its Functions, 2026
• End of Term Web Archive, Data Rescue Project, Harvard LIL: data.gov archive, National Digital Archive (in Russian)
• Platform closures: data.world, A fond farewell, 2026; Microsoft, Retiring the Planetary Computer Hub, 2024; QRI, Winding Qri Down, 2022
• BagIt, RFC 8493, WACZ

Data for AI

• Open Data Institute, The UK government as a data provider for AI, November 2024: general-purpose models hardly remember data.gov.uk figures

• Open Data Institute, A framework for AI-ready data, version 2, December 2025

• Open Data Product Specification: describing a data product

• Data Spaces Support Centre, Blueprint 3.0, February 2026; CEN/CLC/TS 18331:2026: data space maturity assessment

• OMB, memorandum M-25-05, 15 January 2025: an inventory of all data assets, updated within 90 days and at least once a year, a data.json file; training AI is named among the purposes of open access

• Open Knowledge Foundation, MCP for Open Data Portals: Trust Depends on Understanding the Data, June 2026: MCP pilots in Brazil and Uruguay, frequent questions as tests

• Open Data Watch, Making Official Statistics Work in an AI-Driven World, September 2026: official MCP servers of statistical offices

• World Bank, Data360 MCP: a server with agent instructions and a coverage check

Innovative catalogs

• data.gouv.fr, API tabulaire (in French): an API for every tabular file
• Overture Maps, GERS: persistent object identifiers
• DoltHub, What is Dolt?: table versions as in Git
• OpenNeuro, user guide; DANDI, publishing Dandisets: checks on entry
• Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, openEO: processing next to the data
• Data Commons, HDX HAPI, OpenSanctions, statement model: combining many sources
• microdata.no, Redivis, access levels: tiered access

EU law

• INSPIRE Directive 2007/2/EC
• Directive (EU) 2019/1024 on open data
• Regulation (EU) 2023/138 on high-value datasets
• Regulation (EU) 2022/868, the Data Governance Act
• Regulation (EU) 2025/327 on the European Health Data Space (EHDS)
• Regulation (EU) 2023/2854, the Data Act
• Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 on artificial intelligence: a training data summary from general-purpose model providers